All Business CPA – Accounting & Bookkeeping Tips Blog

How to Properly Manage Your Business Cash Flow

July 17, 2025 by admin

Cash flow is the lifeblood of any business. Regardless of how innovative your product is or how many sales you generate, if there’s not enough cash available to cover day-to-day expenses, your business could quickly find itself in trouble. Managing cash flow effectively ensures your company remains financially healthy and resilient during economic ups and downs. Here’s a comprehensive guide to help you properly manage your business cash flow.

1. Understand What Cash Flow Really Means
Cash flow refers to the movement of money in and out of your business. There are two types:

Positive Cash Flow: More money is coming in than going out.
Negative Cash Flow: More money is leaving than coming in.

While short-term negative cash flow may not be fatal, persistent issues can lead to insolvency. Understanding the timing and sources of cash inflows and outflows is critical.

2. Forecast Your Cash Flow
Creating a cash flow forecast helps anticipate future cash shortages and surpluses. This should be a rolling forecast, updated monthly (or even weekly) to reflect changes in the business environment.

Key components of a forecast include:

Projected income (sales, loans, investments)
Fixed and variable expenses (rent, utilities, payroll, inventory)
One-off expenses (equipment, marketing campaigns)

By forecasting ahead, you can spot potential issues and plan how to deal with them before they become serious problems.

3. Accelerate Receivables
Waiting too long to collect money can starve your business of needed cash. Implement strategies to speed up receivables:

Send invoices promptly
Offer early payment discounts
Use digital invoicing systems
Follow up on overdue payments quickly
Consider invoice factoring if needed

4. Manage Payables Wisely
While it’s tempting to pay every bill as soon as it arrives, good cash flow management means holding onto cash as long as it makes sense:

Take full advantage of supplier payment terms
Negotiate better terms when possible
Avoid late fees, which can damage supplier relationships

Be strategic: prioritize payments that affect operations (payroll, rent, key suppliers) and delay less critical expenses if needed.

5. Control Inventory Levels
Excess inventory ties up cash that could be used elsewhere. Use inventory management systems to track usage trends and optimize purchasing:

Implement just-in-time (JIT) inventory where feasible
Identify slow-moving stock and find ways to liquidate it
Work with suppliers on flexible ordering

6. Build a Cash Reserve
Having an emergency cash cushion can prevent panic during slow periods. Set aside a percentage of profits each month until you have 3–6 months of operating expenses saved.

7. Monitor and Analyze Cash Flow Regularly
Use accounting software or dashboards to monitor your cash flow in real time. Regularly analyze key metrics like:

Operating cash flow
Days sales outstanding (DSO)
Days payable outstanding (DPO)
Cash conversion cycle (CCC)

Reviewing this data will help you spot patterns and make better financial decisions.

8. Cut Unnecessary Costs
Lean operations often translate into stronger cash flow. Audit your expenses regularly:

Cancel unused subscriptions
Outsource non-core functions
Switch to cost-effective suppliers
Automate routine tasks to reduce labor costs

9. Secure Financing Before You Need It
If you foresee a future cash gap, explore financing options early while your financials are strong:

Business lines of credit
Short-term loans
Equity investment

Having financing in place can provide a buffer during lean periods without panic borrowing.

10. Educate Your Team
Cash flow isn’t just the finance department’s concern. Train department heads and team leaders on budgeting, purchasing, and financial responsibility. A company-wide culture of financial awareness leads to smarter spending decisions across the board.

Final Thoughts
Properly managing your business’s cash flow isn’t just about survival—it’s about building a strong foundation for sustainable growth. With proactive forecasting, tight control over receivables and payables, strategic spending, and continuous monitoring, your business will be better prepared to weather financial challenges and seize new opportunities.

Remember: Revenue is vanity, profit is sanity, but cash is king. Treat it that way.

When Should You Sell an Investment?

May 13, 2025 by admin

Selling an investment can be more difficult than buying one for many investors. When you buy an investment, you obviously have high hopes for how well that investment will perform. Unfortunately, it’s unlikely that every investment will meet your expectations. In that situation, holding on to your investment essentially means that you are not putting that money to its best use. Here’s a brief look at some of the signs that may indicate it is time to sell.

Changes in Investment Value

Experienced investors often establish a specific price target for an investment at the time they buy it. They also establish just how much of a decline from their purchase price they are willing to accept. If the security hits one of these two numbers, they sell. You may benefit from doing something similar. Decide on a percentage gain that you want from a particular investment and sell when it hits your target. Likewise, determine how much of a decline in the price of a security you are willing to accept and sell when the price falls to that target number.

An Investment’s Underperformance

You may opt to buy a specific investment because you have certain expectations for that investment. For example, you may buy stock in a company that you believe has a technology that is superior to anything currently available and has enormous potential for future profits. Or, you may buy a mutual fund* with a track record of strong long-term returns that you are optimistic will continue.** Short-term fluctuations in price are normal in investing. However, if you own stock in a company that loses money year after year or own shares of a mutual fund that consistently underperforms its benchmark index, selling may be the wiser option.

A Shift in Your Risk Tolerance

Your ability to handle the potential for losing some or all of your money in an investment is known as your risk tolerance and influences the types of investments you buy. You may find that, at some point, the risk level of an investment you own no longer matches your risk tolerance. It could also happen that your risk tolerance changes when, for example, you move closer to retirement. You may choose to sell an investment so that the asset allocation you have is more in line with your current situation.***

You Identify a Need to Rebalance Your Portfolio

Your investment portfolio may become unbalanced over time as some asset classes outperform other asset classes. When it gets to the point when one asset type comprises a larger or smaller percentage of your portfolio than you intended when first devising a suitable asset allocation, then you may consider selling some investments to rebalance your portfolio.

Determining when the time has come to sell an investment can be a tough decision. Emotions, fear of missing out, and other factors can cloud your judgement. That’s why the input of an experienced, objective financial professional can be so helpful in making investment decisions.

*You should consider the fund’s investment objectives, charges, expenses, and risks carefully before you invest. The fund’s prospectus, which can be obtained from your financial representative, contains this and other information about the fund. Read the prospectus carefully before you invest or send money. Shares, when redeemed, may be worth more or less than their original cost.

**Past performance does not guarantee future results.

***Asset allocation does not guarantee a profit or protect against loss.

What’s the Value of Your Business?

April 13, 2025 by admin

Like most business owners, you have probably invested a lot of energy into growing your business. And like other business owners, you probably hope to exit your business at some point in the future with enough money to ensure your financial security. When the time comes to sell your business, you’ll have to determine its fair market value (FMV) to ensure you’ll receive a fair price. Since it is a difficult undertaking to assess fair market value, the assistance of an appraiser who specializes in business valuations is crucial.

Different Approaches

Business valuation professionals will typically use a variety of approaches to determine the value of a business.

An asset-based approach basically looks at a company’s balance sheet. If the valuation is based on a going concern, the company’s assets (net of depreciation) are listed and its liabilities are then subtracted. Generally, the resulting “book value” is adjusted to reflect the current market value of the company’s assets.

Earnings-based approaches assume that a business’s true value lies in its future wealth-producing abilities. One common approach involves capitalizing past earnings using a rate of return that a reasonable buyer would expect on the investment.

Market-based approaches attempt to establish the value of a business by comparing it to similar businesses that have recently sold. This approach works well for most businesses except sole proprietorships, since finding public information on prior sales of like businesses is difficult.

IRS Approach to Valuing a Business

It also may be helpful to look at the factors the IRS considers when determining the value of a business for tax resolution purposes. The IRS typically weighs the following factors when attempting to compute the fair value of a business:

The nature of the business and the history of the company
The future prospects of the economy at large and the business’s industry in particular
Book value and overall financial health
Earning capacity of the company
Dividend-paying capacity
Goodwill or other intangible value
Sales of the stock and the size of the block of stock to be valued,/p>
The market price of stocks of corporations engaged in the same or a similar line of business.

Timing of the Valuation Is Important

As a business owner, it makes sense to have your business valued long before you intend to sell it. Why? If it transpires that your business’s valuation is lower than you assumed, you will have sufficient time to implement various changes in your business that can drive up its value.

5 Often-Overlooked Tax Credits for Your Small Business

March 10, 2025 by admin

Notebook with tax credit sign on a table. Business concept. As a small business owner, tax time can be stressful. That’s why ensuring you’re garnering every benefit possible is essential. Many small businesses overlook some huge benefits when it comes to tax credits. This article reveals five of the most overlooked tax credits for small businesses. Read on to determine if any of these apply to your business.

Tax Credit vs. Tax Deduction

Before jumping to five tax credits often overlooked by small businesses, let’s clarify the difference between a tax credit and a tax deduction.

While tax deductions reduce your taxable income resulting in you paying a lower tax amount, tax credits are a dollar amount deducted from the taxes you owe. So, if you receive a tax credit of $500, you subtract $500 from taxes due.

Tax credits can be highly beneficial come tax time, so knowing which ones your small business is eligible to claim is good. Unfortunately, there are quite a few that many business owners aren’t aware of.

Here are five tax credits that are the most overlooked by small businesses. After you review the list, check with your accountant to see if your business is eligible for these or other tax credits to reduce the amount you owe to the IRS.

5 Tax Credits You May be Overlooking

1. Retirement Saver’s Credit

For small businesses that start a retirement plan for their employees, the IRS offers this credit to offset some of the startup costs they consider “ordinary and necessary.” Your business must employ fewer than 100 employees and not have had a retirement plan previously. The credit is for 50 percent of your startup costs, with a maximum credit of $500.

This tax credit can be claimed for three years, beginning the year before your plan becomes effective. If you do not currently offer a retirement savings plan for your employees, now may be the time to establish one.

2. Research & Development Tax Credit

The R&D tax credit is one of the most overlooked because small business owners not in a “research” field with a laboratory setting often blaze right past this one. But according to the IRS, “research” isn’t necessarily in a lab.

To qualify for this tax credit, a business must improve a product or process, often occurring in many companies as part of their everyday operations. For example, you may qualify if you own a software company and develop or improve an IT process.

Developing, designing, enhancing, or improving a product or process related to your business can qualify you for a credit of 13 cents on every dollar. Of course, you’ll want to confirm whether your business qualifies, identify qualifying activities, and keep copious records so that you can back up your claim to the credit.

3. Rehabilitation Credit (Historic Preservation)

If your business spent money to rehabilitate or renovate a historic structure, this credit likely applies to you. A 20 percent tax credit is available for rehabilitating historic, income-producing buildings determined by the Secretary of the Interior to be “certified historic structures.”

This does not apply to residential structures; however, many businesses purchase historic properties to house their office, restaurant, or other business. Historic structures are certified by the National Park Service, which reports to the IRS. If that applies to the structure where your business is housed, it is worth reviewing this credit with your accountant.

4. Empowerment Zone Employment Credit

Empowerment Zones (EZ) are distressed urban and rural areas needing revitalization. The purpose of the EZ credit is to encourage business owners to operate in these areas and employ EZ residents.

The credit is 20 percent of qualified wages paid during a calendar year. Businesses are eligible for a wage credit of up to $3,000 annually for each eligible employee.

5. Plug-In Electric Vehicle Credit

Suppose you purchase a new plug-in electric vehicle (EV) for your business between 2023 and 2032. In that case, you may qualify for a tax credit of $7,500. To be eligible for the credit, your adjusted gross income (AGI) must not exceed $150,000 in the year you take delivery of the vehicle or the year before (whichever is less).

The EV must meet qualifications regarding battery capacity, retail price, and weight. Speak to your tax accountant for the guidelines and qualifications if you purchased a plug-in EV for your business.

Ensuring you claim every tax credit your small business is entitled to is the key to paying the lowest tax possible. There are dozens of tax credits that small businesses are eligible for. Be sure to have your accountant or CPA review your eligibility for maximum savings come tax time.

Is Your Favorite Pastime Turning Into a Small Business? The IRS Wants to Know.

February 10, 2025 by admin

If you’re making $400 or more on your hobby, it’s time to start declaring it on your income taxes.

We take on hobbies because we enjoy them. But at some point, we sometimes get enough people wanting the woven towels or the birdhouses or the Christmas ornaments we make that it’s time to start charging for them. Supplies cost money, and your time is certainly worth something.

A lot of people get started that way. Before you know it, they’ve set up a shop on Etsy and started exhibiting at craft shows. At what point does this become a business, they may ask themselves.

If you’re bringing in $400 or more per year on your side gig, you should know that there are two good reasons why you should be reporting your business on your Form 1040:
• You’ll be able to deduct at least some of your expenses, and,
• The IRS mandates it.

8 Questions

When your hobby becomes a small business, you’ll have to complete and file a Schedule C with your 1040.

If your personal enterprise has turned a profit in three of the last five years, it’s quite likely that your creative endeavors have become something that requires a Schedule C along with your 1040. The IRS suggests that you ask yourself eight questions to help determine whether it considers you a business and not a hobby. They go something like this:

1. Does the time and effort you put into the activity show you intend to make a profit?

2. Does the activity make a profit in some years, and if so, how much profit does it make?

3. Can you expect to make a future profit from the appreciation of the assets used in the activity?

4. Do you depend on income from the activity for (at least part of) your livelihood?

5. Are any losses due to circumstances beyond your control or are the losses normal for the startup phase of your type of business?

6. Do you change your methods of operation to improve profitability?

7. Do you carry out the activity in a businesslike manner and keep complete and accurate books and records?

8. Do you and any advisors you might work with have the knowledge needed to carry out the activity as a successful business?

How Will You Report Your Income?

Depending on how much money you make and where/how you sell your products, you may receive a 1099 of some sort. If you accept credit cards, it will most likely be the 1099-K: Payment Card and Third-Party Network Transactions. If you take checks and cash, you’ll have to add it all up yourself. Keep any documentation you have if this is the case. You’ll report this on your Schedule C.

How Will You Know If An Expense Is Deductible?

Some business expenses are obvious. If you’re making birdhouses, for example, everything you buy to assemble them should be considered part of your Cost of Goods Sold. If you’re buying products wholesale and reselling them, that should be deductible, too.

But there’s a lot of gray area. The IRS says that legitimate business expenses are those that are “ordinary and necessary.” An ordinary expense is one that is typical and widely accepted in your industry. A necessary expense, on the other hand, is one that is useful and appropriate for your business operations. An expense doesn’t need to be essential to qualify as necessary.

Some small business owners really stretch the interpretation of “ordinary and necessary.” There’s a famous case where a company that had a warehouse tried to deduct the cost of cat food. The contents of the warehouse were attracting rodents and snakes, and they wanted to feed stray cats who would keep the population of unwanted visitors down. The IRS accepted it as a legitimate business expense.

Our point here is not that you should try to find some outlandish business expenses to deduct. But we want you to really think about what it costs you to do business. If you’re ever audited, you’ll have to make a case to the IRS about why you claimed a particular purchase as necessary for your business. Keep meticulous records of your purchases.

On to a New Year

Keep these things in mind as we move into a new year – and tax preparation season. You may want to consider reclassifying your hobby as a business and filing a Schedule C with your 1040. We’re not IRS auditors, of course, so we can’t tell you whether a certain purchase will be considered a deductible business expense. But we can help you deal with the tax-related issues you’ll face should you decide it’s time for you to start claiming income and expenses for your pastime-turned-business.