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A Checklist for Plan Sponsors

June 25, 2024 by admin

Once a retirement savings plan has been approved and is in place, it’s tempting to sit back and adopt an “I’m done,” hands-off attitude. However, to ensure that a plan will continue to operate effectively, employers should periodically review plan provisions and features. Here are some points to check.

  • How the plan is presented. The more convinced employees are of the wisdom of saving for retirement, the greater the level of employee participation. The greater the participation, the more the plan can benefit all employees — including highly compensated ones. Regular meetings, newsletters, and handouts are effective means of communicating plan advantages. Check to make sure printed materials are up to date and easy to understand, and distribute them frequently.
  • Plan investments. Employers that sponsor participant-directed plans can limit potential legal liability for losses caused by employees’ investment decisions if plan investment choices meet certain requirements under Section 404(c). Very generally, where 404(c) protection is sought, a plan should offer at least three “core” investment choices, allow employees to switch investments at least once each quarter, and provide participants with adequate disclosure of specified investment information.
  • Administration. Participants and beneficiaries must be given a copy of the Summary Plan Description (SPD) within 120 days after a plan is adopted or within 90 days after becoming eligible to participate in the plan or receive benefits. Review the SPD to make sure it accurately describes the provisions of your plan. If changes have been made to the plan document — which is likely, given the recent tax law changes — then all participants must receive a notification of these changes within 210 days after the end of the plan year in which the changes were adopted. Generally, all participants must receive a copy of the SPD every five years.
  • Summary annual reports (SARs). Summary annual reports must be distributed to participants within nine months after the close of the plan year. If a plan receives an extension to file its annual report (Form 5500) with the IRS, then the SAR must be distributed within two months after the end of the extension.
  • Plan rollovers. Qualified plans must allow a participant to elect direct rollover of any eligible distribution to an IRA or another employer-sponsored retirement plan. Your plan should have procedures in place to handle direct rollovers.
  • Bonding. Generally, plan fiduciaries and others who handle the assets of a plan must be bonded. The bond must be equal to at least 10% of the funds handled by the bonded individual, but cannot be for less than $1,000 and need not be for more than $500,000.
  • Loans to participants. Loans that are not properly administered may be treated as constructive distributions resulting in taxable income to the recipients. Review loans to make sure that loan balances do not exceed the maximum limitations. Unless used to finance the purchase of a principal residence, all loans must be repaid within five years. A plan may impose more stringent conditions on loans than the law requires.
  • Plan forms. All forms should meet current requirements. Forms that may need updating include beneficiary designation forms, benefit election forms, and the notice of distribution options.

Filed Under: Retirement

Understanding Total Return

May 2, 2024 by admin

Hands of a young Asian businessman Man putting coins into piggy bank and holding money side by side to save expenses A savings plan that provides enough of his income for payments.A mutual fund’s performance — its total return — can be either positive or negative. In other words, a fund either made or lost money for a measured time period. There are three separate elements that contribute to total return: the distribution of fund income (interest and dividends received on the fund’s investments); the distribution of capital gains; and the rise or fall in the price of fund shares. A fuller understanding of these three elements can help you make more informed decisions as an investor.

Fund Income

Bond issuers, such as corporations and the U.S. government, pay interest on the money loaned to them by the investors that buy the bonds. If you buy a government bond, for example, you know how much interest the bond will pay you over the life of the bond. Bonds are also known as “fixed-income” investments because you can anticipate your earnings.

If you own shares in a bond fund rather than an individual bond, you will share in the interest earned by the bonds in the fund. However, if you own your bond fund through an employer’s retirement plan, you do not actually receive your share of the interest income in cash. Instead, your share of the interest is reinvested in the fund and is used to buy additional shares for your account.

If you own shares in a stock fund, you may receive a distribution of dividends the fund received on its various stock holdings. Your share of the dividends paid to a stock fund you own through an employer’s retirement plan is reinvested in that fund and used to buy additional shares.

Capital Gains Distributions

When fund managers sell an investment that has increased in price, the fund will have a capital gain. Funds, of course, have losers as well as winners. When a fund sells an investment for less than it paid for it, the fund suffers a loss. Most mutual funds distribute capital gains (minus capital losses) to their shareholders at the end of the year. If you own funds through a retirement account, then the capital gains distributions are reinvested in additional fund shares.

Rise or Fall in Fund Share Prices

The market prices of stocks and bonds rarely remain static — they typically rise and fall each trading day. Thus, the share price of a fund depends on the current value of the investments it holds in its portfolio, after deduction of expenses and liabilities. As an investor, it’s important to understand that until you sell your shares in a fund, any gain or loss in their value is only a gain or loss on paper.

Total Return and Fund Performance

There are several ways to measure fund performance, and total return plays a part in each method.

  • Average annual total return: One way to measure the performance of a mutual fund is to look at its average annual total return for different periods of time. A comparison of a fund’s return to a benchmark will show how the fund has performed relative to an index.
  • Cumulative total return: Looking at a fund’s cumulative total return shows how much a fund has earned over a specific period.
  • Year-by-year returns: It can be helpful to compare a fund’s performance from one year to the next. If you notice a wide variation year to year, the fund is most likely a highly volatile one.

You should consider the fund’s investment objectives, charges, expenses, and risks carefully before you invest. The fund’s prospectus, which can be obtained from your financial representative, contains this and other information about the fund. Read the prospectus carefully before you invest or send money. Shares, when redeemed, may be worth more or less than their original cost.

Prices of fixed income securities may fluctuate due to interest rate changes. Investors may lose money if bonds are sold before maturity.

Stock investing involves a high degree of risk. Stock prices fluctuate and investors may lose money.

Filed Under: Investments

What are Tax Credits?

April 17, 2024 by admin

Notebook with tax credit  sign on a table. Business concept.Taxes are an integral part of running a business, and they often represent a substantial portion of your expenses. However, there’s good news for businesses looking to reduce their tax burden and stimulate growth – business tax credits. These credits provide financial incentives for companies to invest in various activities, from research and development to promoting renewable energy. In this article, we’ll explore what business tax credits are, how they work, and how they can benefit your company.

What Are Business Tax Credits?

Business tax credits are financial incentives offered by governments at the federal, state, or local level to encourage businesses to engage in certain activities that benefit society, the environment, or the economy. These credits work by reducing a company’s tax liability, effectively lowering the amount of taxes they owe. They serve as a reward for businesses that invest in activities that align with the government’s policy objectives.

Types of Business Tax Credits

There are various types of business tax credits available, each with its own set of eligibility criteria and benefits. Here are some common types:

1. Research and Development (R&D) Tax Credit: This credit is designed to encourage businesses to invest in innovation and research activities. It can help offset the costs associated with developing new products, processes, or technologies.

2. Renewable Energy Tax Credits: These credits are intended to promote the use of renewable energy sources, such as solar, wind, and geothermal energy. They can significantly reduce the cost of investing in clean energy initiatives.

3. Investment Tax Credits: These credits reward businesses for investing in specific projects or assets that promote economic growth or job creation. They are often used to stimulate investment in economically distressed areas.

4. Low-Income Housing Tax Credit: Aimed at promoting the development of affordable housing, this credit provides incentives for businesses to invest in housing projects for low-income individuals and families.

5. Work Opportunity Tax Credit: This credit encourages the hiring of individuals from specific target groups, such as veterans and individuals with disabilities. It can offset a portion of the costs associated with employing these individuals.

Benefits of Business Tax Credits

Business tax credits offer numerous advantages for companies:

1. Reduced Tax Liability: The most apparent benefit is the reduction of your company’s tax liability. This translates into cost savings that can be reinvested in your business, used for expansion, or allocated to other vital activities.

2. Encouragement for Investment: Tax credits provide a financial incentive to invest in areas such as research and development, clean energy, or affordable housing. This encourages businesses to participate in activities that contribute positively to society and the economy.

3. Competitive Advantage: By taking advantage of available tax credits, your business can gain a competitive edge. This is especially relevant in industries where innovation, sustainability, and social responsibility play a significant role.

4. Stimulated Growth: Many tax credits are designed to spur economic growth, create jobs, and improve local communities. By participating in these initiatives, your business can be a catalyst for positive change.

How to Access Business Tax Credits

To access business tax credits, follow these steps:

1. Identify Eligibility: Determine which tax credits your business may be eligible for. Consult with a tax professional to assess your eligibility accurately.

2. Document Activities: Keep meticulous records of the activities that make you eligible for the tax credits. Proper documentation is essential to substantiate your claims.

3. File Accurate Tax Returns: Ensure your tax returns accurately reflect the credits you are claiming. Mistakes can lead to delays and audits.

4. Consult with Professionals: Tax professionals, accountants, and legal experts can help you navigate the complex world of tax credits, ensuring you maximize your benefits while staying compliant with tax laws.

Business tax credits offer a valuable opportunity for businesses to reduce their tax liabilities and invest in activities that promote growth, innovation, and social responsibility. By understanding the available credits and working with professionals to access them, your business can not only thrive financially but also contribute to positive change in your community and beyond.

Filed Under: Business Tax

Help Your Working Teen Get a Jump-Start on Saving

March 12, 2024 by admin

Happy family watching funny video on laptop together with their adopted daughter during leisure time at homeYou may have a teen in your family who holds down a part-time job or works full-time during the summer. You can help your child lay the groundwork for future retirement security early on by encouraging your child to open an individual retirement account (IRA).

You may, or may not, get some resistance, especially if your child has other plans for spending the money. However, you should persist since the benefits can be significant over the long term. Here are some points you can bring up as you make your case.

Savings Can Grow Over Time

When it comes to building savings, your child’s age is a major advantage. Given enough time, even a relatively small investment could grow into a significant sum due to the power of compounding. For example, a one-time investment of $6,000 could grow to $110,521 in 50 years, assuming a hypothetical 6% annual return. Invest $6,000 every year for 50 years at 6%, and your child could accumulate over $1.7 million. Of course, investment returns can vary from year to year and are not guaranteed.

IRAs Offer Tax Advantages

As long as your teen does not participate in an employer’s retirement plan, contributions to a traditional IRA will be fully tax deductible. (With plan participation, income limits may apply.) Any earnings that investments in the IRA make will grow tax deferred. Your child won’t have to pay any income taxes on the IRA funds until they are withdrawn from the IRA.

Contributions to a Roth IRA are not tax deductible, but they can be withdrawn tax free at any time for any purpose. Earnings accumulate tax deferred and can be withdrawn tax free once your child reaches age 59½ and has had a Roth IRA for at least five tax years. Tax-free withdrawals are also available after five years for first-time home buying expenses (to a maximum of $10,000) or on account of disability or death.

Your teen can contribute up to $6,500 to one or more IRAs in 2023 or the amount of his or her annual compensation, if less. The IRS adjusts this IRA contribution limit periodically for inflation. Your child has until the April tax-filing deadline to contribute to an IRA for the prior tax year.

If you would like some help deciding which type if IRA may make the most sense for your teen child, be sure to get in touch with your financial professional.

Filed Under: Individual Tax

Beneficial Ownership Information Reporting Under the Corporate Transparency Act

February 15, 2024 by admin

Serious millennial man using laptop sitting at the table in a home office, focused guy in casual clothing looking at the paper, communicating online, writing emails, distantly working or studying on computer at home.What is Beneficial Ownership Information Reporting?

Beneficial Ownership Information (BOI) reporting is a federal requirement by the Corporate Transparency Act (CTA). BOI reports include information about all the company’s beneficial owners.

Who is considered a Beneficial Owner?

A beneficial owner is any individual who, directly or indirectly, exercises substantial control over a reporting company or owns or controls at least 25 percent of the company’s ownership interests.

What is the Corporate Transparency Act?

The Corporate Transparency Act (CTA) is a United States federal law that aims to increase transparency in corporate ownership. The law requires that individuals considered beneficial company owners in the U.S. provide the Financial Crimes Enforcement Network (FinCEN) with specific information.

For individuals, that includes:

  • their full name
  • date of birth
  • current residential address
  • a federally issued identification number from a driver’s license or passport

For companies, that includes:

  • legal entity name or DBA name
  • business address
  • state jurisdiction of formation of registration
  • IRS TIN

Any changes to the above reporting information must be updated with the FinCEN within 30 days of the change.

What is considered a Reporting Company?

Companies required to report a BOI are referred to as reporting companies. There are two types of reporting companies: domestic and foreign. They are defined as follows:

  1. Domestic reporting companies are corporations, limited liability companies (LLC), and other entities created by filing a document with a secretary of state or similar office in the U.S.
  2. Foreign reporting companies are entities (including corporations and LLCs) formed under a foreign country’s law and registered to do business in the U.S. by filing a document with a secretary of state or similar office.

There are 23 types of entities that are exempt from the reporting requirements. Those entities can be found on the FinCEN website.

What is the Reporting Process?

The reporting process takes place via an online portal on the FinCEN’s website. Filing begins January 1, 2024, with an initial filing window of one year (i.e., initial BOI reporting can be done from January 1, 2024, through January 1, 2025). The FinCEN will not accept BOI reporting before January 1, 2024. There is no fee for submitting this information.

New entities established after December 31, 2023, must report within 90 days of establishment.

Hefty civil ($500/day) and criminal penalties (up to $10,000) can be imposed on companies that fail to file a complete report.

To be sure that you and your firm comply with BOI reporting requirements, check with your trusted tax accountant or CPA.

Filed Under: Business Tax

Back to Business Basics

January 10, 2024 by admin

Hand drawing a conceptual diagram about the importance to find the shortest way to go from point A to point B, or a simple solution to a problem.It’s reassuring to remember that downturns are a normal part of the business cycle. And, just as there are strategies that help businesses thrive during profitable times, there are basic survival tactics that businesses can employ when the outlook is less than rosy.

Control Spending

Finances should be your fundamental concern when economic conditions are unsettled. When sales are slow, it’s time to preserve your cash. Look closely at how you can reduce overhead. Make certain that all your operating expenses are necessary. Even if you’ve recently made cuts, see if there are other measures you can take. Unless absolutely necessary, consider putting plans that call for capital investment on the back burner until conditions improve.

Maintain Customers

While containing costs is essential, maintaining your customer base is also crucial. So, when you’re deciding how to trim spending, make sure you don’t make cuts in areas that deliver real value to your customers. At the same time, watch your receivables. Make sure your customers’ accounts stay current.

Think Short Term

Plan purchases for the short term, keeping a minimum of cash tied up in inventory. At the same time, however, make sure you’ll be able to restock quickly. Your suppliers may be able to suggest ways you can cut costs (perhaps by using different materials or an alternative manufacturing process). See if you can negotiate better credit terms.

Plan for Contingencies

There’s a big difference between imagining that you might have to seriously scale back your business and having an action plan in place that you can quickly execute. To develop a realistic contingency plan, prepare a budget based on the impact you imagine an extended downturn would have on your business. Then outline the steps you would need to take to survive those conditions. For an added level of preparedness, draw up a second, “worst case scenario” budget and chart the cost-cutting steps you’d need to take to outlive those more dire circumstances.

Many businesses will survive challenging economic times by being informed about their financial condition and by planning ahead to succeed.

Filed Under: Best Business Practices

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